Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh osh Description 01 47 69 66 156 184 168 4887 4888 echo hi 02 130 153 164 269 289 292 4975 4976 date 03 49 71 66 157 179 169 4887 4888 date ; 04 131 154 165 305 296 328 4977 4978 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 131 154 165 271 293 294 4977 4978 date; echo hi 06 131 154 165 271 293 294 4977 4978 echo hi; date 07 199 224 249 357 383 378 5051 5052 date; date 08 199 224 249 357 384 378 5051 5052 { date; date; } 09 199 224 249 357 384 378 5051 5052 date; { date; } 10 209 233 258 375 414 396 5063 5064 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 55 78 81 187 217 197 4901 4902 (echo hi) 12 130 153 166 277 295 300 4975 4976 (date) 13 130 153 166 285 301 308 4975 4976 ( ( date ) ) 14 131 154 167 287 305 310 4977 4978 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 131 154 167 279 299 302 4977 4978 echo hi; (date) 16 131 154 167 279 299 302 4977 4978 echo hi; (date;) 17 56 79 82 188 221 198 4902 4903 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 132 155 181 280 303 324 4978 4979 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 82 189 221 199 4903 4904 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 138 159 172 272 292 295 4984 4985 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 133 156 174 280 298 303 4984 4985 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 225 246 292 387 405 421 5081 5082 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 73 166 191 178 4896 4897 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 58 81 89 190 219 200 4910 4911 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 152 173 210 305 329 326 5009 5010 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 139 162 180 301 326 323 4991 4992 (date; echo hi) 27 139 162 187 288 308 331 4984 4985 echo $(date) 28 63 87 101 198 227 207 4910 4911 echo $(echo hi) 29 139 162 187 318 314 339 4984 4985 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 148 172 203 321 343 342 5001 5002 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 82 189 221 199 4903 4904 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 219 242 288 384 402 418 5074 5075 date | wc -l 33 219 242 287 384 402 418 4887 5075 ! date | wc -l 34 144 167 203 302 327 323 5000 5002 echo a | wc -l 35 144 167 203 302 395 323 5000 5001 command echo a | wc -l 36 219 242 287 384 402 447 5074 5075 command date | wc -l 37 219 242 287 384 402 447 4887 5075 ! command date | wc -l 38 219 242 287 392 409 426 5074 5075 ( date ) | wc -l 39 175 227 234 337 334 357 5017 5018 date | read x 40 145 168 204 303 333 324 5001 5002 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 146 169 205 305 337 326 4991 4992 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 221 244 302 417 416 450 5077 5078 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 145 168 204 303 334 324 5001 5002 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 145 168 204 313 341 334 5001 5002 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 146 169 220 344 352 364 4990 4991 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 90 214 225 223 4900 4901 echo hi & wait 47 137 159 175 296 300 318 4974 4975 date & wait 48 153 173 214 328 344 348 4995 4996 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 228 248 298 410 418 443 5069 5070 date | wc -l & wait 50 138 160 176 332 305 354 4964 4965 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 229 249 299 462 423 495 5059 5060 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 146 168 187 363 335 383 4976 4977 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 7421 8631 9859 15600 16569 16824 259109 259536