Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh osh Description 01 47 69 66 156 184 168 4879 4878 echo hi 02 130 153 164 269 289 292 4967 4966 date 03 49 71 66 157 179 169 4879 4878 date ; 04 131 154 165 305 296 328 4969 4968 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 131 154 165 271 293 294 4969 4968 date; echo hi 06 131 154 165 271 293 294 4969 4968 echo hi; date 07 199 224 249 357 383 378 5043 5042 date; date 08 199 224 249 357 384 378 5043 5042 { date; date; } 09 199 224 249 357 384 378 5043 5042 date; { date; } 10 209 233 258 375 414 396 5055 5054 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 55 78 81 187 217 197 4893 4892 (echo hi) 12 130 153 166 277 295 300 4967 4966 (date) 13 130 153 166 285 301 308 4967 4966 ( ( date ) ) 14 131 154 167 287 305 310 4969 4968 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 131 154 167 279 299 302 4969 4968 echo hi; (date) 16 131 154 167 279 299 302 4969 4968 echo hi; (date;) 17 56 79 82 188 221 198 4894 4893 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 132 155 181 280 303 324 4970 4969 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 82 189 221 199 4895 4894 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 138 159 172 272 292 295 4976 4975 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 133 156 174 280 298 303 4976 4975 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 225 246 292 387 405 421 5073 5072 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 73 166 191 178 4888 4887 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 58 81 89 190 219 200 4902 4901 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 152 173 210 305 329 326 5001 5000 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 139 162 180 301 326 323 4983 4982 (date; echo hi) 27 139 162 187 288 308 331 4976 4975 echo $(date) 28 63 87 101 198 227 207 4902 4901 echo $(echo hi) 29 139 162 187 318 314 339 4976 4975 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 148 172 203 321 343 342 4993 4992 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 82 189 221 199 4895 4894 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 219 242 287 384 402 418 5066 5065 date | wc -l 33 219 242 287 384 402 418 4879 5065 ! date | wc -l 34 144 167 203 302 327 323 4992 4991 echo a | wc -l 35 144 167 203 302 395 323 4993 4991 command echo a | wc -l 36 219 242 288 384 402 447 5066 5065 command date | wc -l 37 219 242 287 384 402 447 4879 5065 ! command date | wc -l 38 219 242 287 392 408 426 5066 5065 ( date ) | wc -l 39 175 227 234 337 334 357 5009 5008 date | read x 40 145 168 204 303 333 324 4993 4992 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 146 169 205 305 337 326 4996 4994 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 221 244 302 417 416 450 5068 5067 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 145 168 204 303 334 324 4993 4992 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 145 168 204 313 341 334 4993 4992 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 146 169 220 344 352 364 4994 4993 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 90 214 225 223 4892 4891 echo hi & wait 47 137 159 175 296 300 318 4966 4965 date & wait 48 153 173 214 328 344 348 4987 4986 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 228 251 298 410 418 443 5061 5060 date | wc -l & wait 50 138 160 176 332 305 354 4968 4967 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 233 249 299 462 423 495 5063 5062 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 146 168 187 363 335 383 4980 4979 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 7425 8634 9859 15600 16568 16824 258754 259074