/home/uke/oil/mycpp/gc_list.h

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#ifndef MYCPP_GC_LIST_H
#define MYCPP_GC_LIST_H

#include <string.h>  // memcpy

#include <algorithm>  // sort() is templated

#include "mycpp/common.h"  // DCHECK
#include "mycpp/comparators.h"
#include "mycpp/gc_alloc.h"     // Alloc
#include "mycpp/gc_builtins.h"  // ValueError
#include "mycpp/gc_mops.h"      // BigInt
#include "mycpp/gc_slab.h"

// GlobalList is layout-compatible with List (unit tests assert this), and it
// can be a true C global (incurs zero startup time)

template <typename T, int N>
class GlobalList {
 public:
  int len_;
  int capacity_;
  GlobalSlab<T, N>* slab_;
};

#define GLOBAL_LIST(name, T, N, array)                                         \
  GcGlobal<GlobalSlab<T, N>> _slab_##name = {ObjHeader::Global(TypeTag::Slab), \
                                             {.items_ = array}};               \
  GcGlobal<GlobalList<T, N>> _list_##name = {                                  \
      ObjHeader::Global(TypeTag::List),                                        \
      {.len_ = N, .capacity_ = N, .slab_ = &_slab_##name.obj}};                \
  List<T>* name = reinterpret_cast<List<T>*>(&_list_##name.obj);

template <typename T>
class List {
 public:
  List() : len_(0), capacity_(0), slab_(nullptr) {
  }

 protected:
  // Used for ASDL subtypes with <.  NOT even a shallow copy - it ALIASES thes
  // slab.
  explicit List(List* other)
      : len_(other->len_), capacity_(other->capacity_), slab_(other->slab_) {
  }

 public:
  // Implements L[i]
  T at(int i);

  // returns index of the element
  int index(T element);

  // Implements L[i] = item
  void set(int i, T item);

  // L[begin:]
  List* slice(int begin);

  // L[begin:end]
  List* slice(int begin, int end);

  // Should we have a separate API that doesn't return it?
  // https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12600330/pop-back-return-value
  T pop();

  // Used in osh/word_parse.py to remove from front
  T pop(int i);

  // Remove the first occurence of x from the list.
  void remove(T x);

  void clear();

  // Used in osh/string_ops.py
  void reverse();

  // Templated function
  void sort();

  // Ensure that there's space for at LEAST this many items
  void reserve(int num_desired);

  // Append a single element to this list.
  void append(T item);

  // Extend this list with multiple elements.
  void extend(List<T>* other);

  static constexpr ObjHeader obj_header() {
    return ObjHeader::ClassFixed(field_mask(), sizeof(List<T>));
  }

  // Used by ASDL
  void SetTaken();

  int len_;       // number of entries
  int capacity_;  // max entries before resizing

  // The container may be resized, so this field isn't in-line.
  Slab<T>* slab_;

  // A list has one Slab pointer which we need to follow.
  static constexpr uint32_t field_mask() {
    return maskbit(offsetof(List, slab_));
  }

  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(List)

  static_assert(sizeof(ObjHeader) % sizeof(T) == 0,
                "ObjHeader size should be multiple of item size");
  static constexpr int kHeaderFudge = sizeof(ObjHeader) / sizeof(T);

#if 0
  // 24-byte pool comes from very common List header, and Token
  static constexpr int kPoolBytes1 = 24 - sizeof(ObjHeader);
  static_assert(kPoolBytes1 % sizeof(T) == 0,
                "An integral number of items should fit in first pool");
  static constexpr int kNumItems1 = kPoolBytes1 / sizeof(T);
#endif

  // Matches mark_sweep_heap.h
  static constexpr int kPoolBytes2 = 48 - sizeof(ObjHeader);
  static_assert(kPoolBytes2 % sizeof(T) == 0,
                "An integral number of items should fit in second pool");
  static constexpr int kNumItems2 = kPoolBytes2 / sizeof(T);

#if 0
  static constexpr int kMinBytes2 = 128 - sizeof(ObjHeader);
  static_assert(kMinBytes2 % sizeof(T) == 0,
                "An integral number of items should fit");
  static constexpr int kMinItems2 = kMinBytes2 / sizeof(T);
#endif

  // Given the number of items desired, return the number items we should
  // reserve room for, according to our growth policy.
  int HowManyItems(int num_desired) {
    // Using the 24-byte pool leads to too much GC of tiny slab objects!  So
    // just use the larger 48 byte pool.
#if 0
    if (num_desired <= kNumItems1) {  // use full cell in pool 1
      return kNumItems1;
    }
#endif
    if (num_desired <= kNumItems2) {  // use full cell in pool 2
      return kNumItems2;
    }
#if 0
    if (num_desired <= kMinItems2) {  // 48 -> 128, not 48 -> 64
      return kMinItems2;
    }
#endif

    // Make sure the total allocation is a power of 2.  TODO: consider using
    // slightly less than power of 2, to account for malloc() headers, and
    // reduce fragmentation.
    // Example:
    // - ask for 11 integers
    // - round up 11+2 == 13 up to 16 items
    // - return 14 items
    // - 14 integers is 56 bytes, plus 8 byte GC header => 64 byte alloc.
    return RoundUp(num_desired + kHeaderFudge) - kHeaderFudge;
  }
};

// "Constructors" as free functions since we can't allocate within a
// constructor.  Allocation may cause garbage collection, which interferes with
// placement new.

// This is not really necessary, only syntactic sugar.
template <typename T>
List<T>* NewList() {
  return Alloc<List<T>>();
}

// Literal ['foo', 'bar']
// This seems to allow better template argument type deduction than a
// constructor.
template <typename T>
List<T>* NewList(std::initializer_list<T> init) {
  auto self = Alloc<List<T>>();

  int n = init.size();
  self->reserve(n);

  int i = 0;
  for (auto item : init) {
    self->slab_->items_[i] = item;
    ++i;
  }
  self->len_ = n;
  return self;
}

// ['foo'] * 3
template <typename T>
List<T>* NewList(T item, int times) {
  auto self = Alloc<List<T>>();

  self->reserve(times);
  self->len_ = times;
  for (int i = 0; i < times; ++i) {
    self->set(i, item);
  }
  return self;
}

template <typename T>
void List<T>::append(T item) {
  reserve(len_ + 1);
  slab_->items_[len_] = item;
  ++len_;
}

template <typename T>
int len(const List<T>* L) {
  return L->len_;
}

template <typename T>
List<T>* list_repeat(T item, int times);

template <typename T>
inline bool list_contains(List<T>* haystack, T needle);

template <typename K, typename V>
class Dict;  // forward decl

template <typename V>
List<BigStr*>* sorted(Dict<BigStr*, V>* d);

template <typename T>
List<T>* sorted(List<T>* l);

// L[begin:]
template <typename T>
List<T>* List<T>::slice(int begin) {
  return slice(begin, len_);
}

// L[begin:end]
template <typename T>
List<T>* List<T>::slice(int begin, int end) {
  SLICE_ADJUST(begin, end, len_);

  DCHECK(0 <= begin && begin <= len_);
  DCHECK(0 <= end && end <= len_);

  int new_len = end - begin;
  DCHECK(0 <= new_len && new_len <= len_);

  List<T>* result = NewList<T>();
  result->reserve(new_len);

  // Faster than append() in a loop
  memcpy(result->slab_->items_, slab_->items_ + begin, new_len * sizeof(T));
  result->len_ = new_len;

  return result;
}

// Ensure that there's space for a number of items
template <typename T>
void List<T>::reserve(int num_desired) {
  // log("reserve capacity = %d, n = %d", capacity_, n);

  // Don't do anything if there's already enough space.
  if (capacity_ >= num_desired) {
    return;
  }

  // Slabs should be a total of 2^N bytes.  kCapacityAdjust is the number of
  // items that the 8 byte header takes up: 1 for List<T*>, and 2 for
  // List<int>.
  //
  // Example: the user reserves space for 3 integers.  The minimum number of
  // items would be 5, which is rounded up to 8.  Subtract 2 again, giving 6,
  // which leads to 8 + 6*4 = 32 byte Slab.

  capacity_ = HowManyItems(num_desired);
  auto new_slab = NewSlab<T>(capacity_);

  if (len_ > 0) {
    // log("Copying %d bytes", len_ * sizeof(T));
    memcpy(new_slab->items_, slab_->items_, len_ * sizeof(T));
  }
  slab_ = new_slab;
}

// Implements L[i] = item
template <typename T>
void List<T>::set(int i, T item) {
  if (i < 0) {
    i = len_ + i;
  }

  if (0 > i || i >= len_) {
    throw Alloc<IndexError>();
  }

  slab_->items_[i] = item;
}

// Implements L[i]
template <typename T>
T List<T>::at(int i) {
  if (i < 0) {
    i = len_ + i;
  }

  if (0 > i || i >= len_) {
    throw Alloc<IndexError>();
  }
  return slab_->items_[i];
}

// L.index(i) -- Python method
template <typename T>
int List<T>::index(T value) {
  int element_count = len(this);
  for (int i = 0; i < element_count; i++) {
    if (items_equal(slab_->items_[i], value)) {
      return i;
    }
  }
  throw Alloc<ValueError>();
}

// Should we have a separate API that doesn't return it?
// https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12600330/pop-back-return-value
template <typename T>
T List<T>::pop() {
  if (len_ == 0) {
    throw Alloc<IndexError>();
  }
  len_--;
  T result = slab_->items_[len_];
  slab_->items_[len_] = 0;  // zero for GC scan
  return result;
}

// Used in osh/word_parse.py to remove from front
template <typename T>
T List<T>::pop(int i) {
  if (len_ < i) {
    throw Alloc<IndexError>();
  }

  T result = at(i);
  len_--;

  // Shift everything by one
  memmove(slab_->items_ + i, slab_->items_ + (i + 1), (len_ - i) * sizeof(T));

  /*
  for (int j = 0; j < len_; j++) {
    slab_->items_[j] = slab_->items_[j+1];
  }
  */

  slab_->items_[len_] = 0;  // zero for GC scan
  return result;
}

template <typename T>
void List<T>::remove(T x) {
  int idx = this->index(x);
  this->pop(idx);  // unused
}

template <typename T>
void List<T>::clear() {
  if (slab_) {
    memset(slab_->items_, 0, len_ * sizeof(T));  // zero for GC scan
  }
  len_ = 0;
}

// used by ASDL
template <typename T>
void List<T>::SetTaken() {
  slab_ = nullptr;
  len_ = 0;
  capacity_ = 0;
}

// Used in osh/string_ops.py
template <typename T>
void List<T>::reverse() {
  for (int i = 0; i < len_ / 2; ++i) {
    // log("swapping %d and %d", i, n-i);
    T tmp = slab_->items_[i];
    int j = len_ - 1 - i;
    slab_->items_[i] = slab_->items_[j];
    slab_->items_[j] = tmp;
  }
}

// Extend this list with multiple elements.
template <typename T>
void List<T>::extend(List<T>* other) {
  int n = other->len_;
  int new_len = len_ + n;
  reserve(new_len);

  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    slab_->items_[len_ + i] = other->slab_->items_[i];
  }
  len_ = new_len;
}

inline bool CompareBigStr(BigStr* a, BigStr* b) {
  return mylib::str_cmp(a, b) < 0;
}

template <>
inline void List<BigStr*>::sort() {
  std::sort(slab_->items_, slab_->items_ + len_, CompareBigStr);
}

inline bool CompareBigInt(mops::BigInt a, mops::BigInt b) {
  return a < b;
}

template <>
inline void List<mops::BigInt>::sort() {
  std::sort(slab_->items_, slab_->items_ + len_, CompareBigInt);
}

// TODO: mycpp can just generate the constructor instead?
// e.g. [None] * 3
template <typename T>
List<T>* list_repeat(T item, int times) {
  return NewList<T>(item, times);
}

// e.g. 'a' in ['a', 'b', 'c']
template <typename T>
inline bool list_contains(List<T>* haystack, T needle) {
  int n = len(haystack);
  for (int i = 0; i < n; ++i) {
    if (items_equal(haystack->at(i), needle)) {
      return true;
    }
  }
  return false;
}

template <typename V>
List<BigStr*>* sorted(Dict<BigStr*, V>* d) {
  auto keys = d->keys();
  keys->sort();
  return keys;
}

template <typename T>
List<T>* sorted(List<T>* l) {
  auto ret = list(l);
  ret->sort();
  return ret;
}

// list(L) copies the list
template <typename T>
List<T>* list(List<T>* other) {
  auto result = NewList<T>();
  result->extend(other);
  return result;
}

template <class T>
class ListIter {
 public:
  explicit ListIter(List<T>* L) : L_(L), i_(0) {
    // Cheney only: L_ could be moved during iteration.
    // gHeap.PushRoot(reinterpret_cast<RawObject**>(&L_));
  }

  ~ListIter() {
    // gHeap.PopRoot();
  }
  void Next() {
    i_++;
  }
  bool Done() {
    // "unsigned size_t was a mistake"
    return i_ >= static_cast<int>(L_->len_);
  }
  T Value() {
    return L_->slab_->items_[i_];
  }
  T iterNext() {
    if (Done()) {
      throw Alloc<StopIteration>();
    }
    T ret = L_->slab_->items_[i_];
    Next();
    return ret;
  }

  // only for use with generators
  List<T>* GetList() {
    return L_;
  }

 private:
  List<T>* L_;
  int i_;
};

// list(it) returns the iterator's backing list
template <typename T>
List<T>* list(ListIter<T> it) {
  return list(it.GetList());
}

// TODO: Does using pointers rather than indices make this more efficient?
template <class T>
class ReverseListIter {
 public:
  explicit ReverseListIter(List<T>* L) : L_(L), i_(L_->len_ - 1) {
  }
  void Next() {
    i_--;
  }
  bool Done() {
    return i_ < 0;
  }
  T Value() {
    return L_->slab_->items_[i_];
  }

 private:
  List<T>* L_;
  int i_;
};

int max(List<int>* elems);

#endif  // MYCPP_GC_LIST_H

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Created: 2025-05-01 20:35