Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4884 4883 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4947 4948 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4883 4882 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4949 4948 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4949 4950 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4949 4948 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4997 4998 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4998 4996 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4997 4999 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 5009 5008 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4899 4898 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4952 4947 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4954 4956 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4954 4950 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4949 4948 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4949 4948 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4899 4898 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4950 4949 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4901 4900 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4956 4955 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4956 4955 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 232 321 355 366 5026 5025 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4893 4892 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4907 4906 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4979 4978 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4964 4963 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4957 4956 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4908 4907 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4957 4956 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4974 4973 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4901 4902 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 5019 5019 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4921 5018 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4970 4971 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4970 4971 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 5019 5019 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4911 5018 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 5020 5019 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4989 4989 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4972 4971 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4974 4974 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 5023 5022 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4972 4971 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4972 4971 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4974 4974 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4898 4897 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4947 4948 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4967 4966 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 238 344 377 379 5016 5015 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4948 4947 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 5018 5017 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4961 4960 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6885 8004 13491 14711 15804 257808 257979