Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4875 4874 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4938 4937 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4875 4874 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4940 4939 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4926 4925 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4926 4925 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4988 4987 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4974 4973 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4974 4973 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4986 4985 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4889 4888 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4938 4937 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4924 4923 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4940 4939 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4926 4925 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4926 4925 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4876 4875 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4941 4940 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4891 4890 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4947 4946 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4947 4946 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 5017 5016 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4884 4883 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4898 4897 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4970 4969 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4940 4939 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4933 4932 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4884 4883 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4933 4932 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4964 4963 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4891 4890 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4996 4995 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4861 4995 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4947 4946 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4961 4960 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 5010 5009 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4875 5009 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4996 4995 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4966 4965 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4962 4961 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4964 4963 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 5012 5011 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4962 4961 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4962 4961 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4965 4964 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4874 4873 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4937 4936 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4956 4955 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 238 344 377 379 4991 4990 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4939 4938 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 172 190 238 398 431 384 5009 5008 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4951 4950 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 256957 257175