Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4871 4870 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4934 4933 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4871 4870 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4936 4935 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4922 4921 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4922 4921 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4984 4983 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4970 4969 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4970 4969 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4982 4981 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4885 4884 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4934 4933 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4920 4919 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4936 4935 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4922 4921 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4922 4921 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4872 4871 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4937 4936 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4887 4886 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4943 4942 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4943 4942 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 5013 5012 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4880 4879 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4894 4893 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4966 4965 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4936 4935 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4929 4928 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4880 4879 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4929 4928 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4960 4959 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4887 4886 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4992 4991 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4857 4991 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4943 4942 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4957 4956 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 5006 5005 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4871 5005 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4992 4991 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4962 4961 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4958 4957 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4960 4959 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 5009 5008 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4958 4957 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4958 4957 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4961 4960 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4870 4869 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4933 4932 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4952 4951 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4987 4986 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4935 4934 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 194 238 398 431 384 5005 5004 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4947 4946 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6885 8003 13491 14711 15805 256750 256968