Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4853 4852 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4916 4915 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4853 4852 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4918 4917 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4904 4903 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4904 4903 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4966 4965 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4952 4951 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4952 4951 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4964 4963 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4867 4866 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4916 4915 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4902 4901 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4920 4919 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4904 4903 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4904 4903 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4856 4855 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4921 4920 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4871 4870 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4927 4926 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4927 4926 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4995 4994 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4864 4863 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4876 4875 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4948 4947 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4918 4917 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4911 4910 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4862 4861 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4913 4912 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4944 4943 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4871 4870 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4974 4973 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4839 4973 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4925 4925 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4941 4941 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4990 4989 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4855 4989 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4974 4973 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4944 4943 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4942 4941 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4942 4941 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 159 185 241 350 383 377 4992 4992 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4942 4941 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4940 4939 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4943 4942 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4852 4851 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4915 4914 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4936 4935 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 171 193 237 344 377 379 4971 4970 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4917 4916 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4987 4986 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4929 4928 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6885 8002 13491 14711 15805 255849 256070