Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4825 4824 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4888 4887 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4824 4823 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4886 4885 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4892 4889 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4892 4889 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4938 4937 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4940 4937 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4940 4937 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4950 4949 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4839 4838 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4888 4887 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4888 4887 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4890 4889 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4890 4889 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4892 4891 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4840 4839 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4891 4890 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4841 4840 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4897 4896 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4897 4896 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4963 4962 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4834 4833 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4844 4843 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4916 4915 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4904 4903 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4897 4896 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4848 4847 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4897 4896 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4914 4913 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4841 4840 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4960 4959 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4825 4959 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4912 4910 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4911 4910 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4960 4959 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4825 4959 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4960 4961 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4930 4929 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4912 4911 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4914 4913 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4963 4962 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4912 4911 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4908 4907 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4913 4912 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4842 4839 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4889 4888 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4908 4907 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 238 344 377 379 4957 4956 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4891 4890 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4959 4958 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4903 4902 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6885 8003 13491 14711 15805 254640 254849