Number of Syscalls ID dash yash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh osh ysh Description 01 40 49 64 59 144 156 194 4830 4831 echo hi 02 90 100 114 117 207 232 250 4877 4894 date 03 90 100 114 131 207 232 250 4877 4895 date ; 04 98 116 123 132 269 292 281 4899 4900 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 112 123 132 233 256 278 4899 4900 date; echo hi 06 91 104 115 132 209 256 254 4884 4900 echo hi; date 07 132 149 158 189 268 313 318 4928 4944 date; date 08 132 149 158 189 292 313 319 4933 4949 { date; date; } 09 132 149 158 189 292 313 319 4933 4949 date; { date; } 10 149 171 175 198 310 331 373 4959 4960 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 40 50 64 73 174 184 203 4830 4831 (echo hi) 12 90 101 114 133 239 262 256 4877 4894 (date) 13 90 102 114 133 247 270 262 4881 4898 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 114 123 134 249 272 290 4887 4889 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 91 105 115 134 241 264 260 4884 4900 echo hi; (date) 16 91 105 115 134 241 264 260 4884 4900 echo hi; (date;) 17 41 53 65 74 175 185 207 4834 4850 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 92 108 116 147 242 285 264 4873 4889 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 62 73 74 176 186 231 4839 4840 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 96 105 118 139 234 257 256 4877 4895 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 93 119 117 141 242 265 259 4877 4896 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 163 167 187 231 321 355 363 4958 4978 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 57 70 66 154 166 201 4831 4832 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 43 60 67 81 177 187 205 4843 4859 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 115 119 139 174 264 285 312 4911 4931 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 98 113 123 146 262 284 287 4900 4900 (date; echo hi) 27 106 124 131 154 250 292 293 4907 4908 echo $(date) 28 55 73 81 93 185 194 237 4858 4859 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 125 131 154 279 300 299 4906 4908 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 138 140 169 282 303 328 4913 4914 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 62 73 74 176 186 231 4839 4840 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 157 162 183 227 318 352 360 4951 4971 date | wc -l 33 157 177 183 227 318 352 360 4970 4834 ! date | wc -l 34 107 112 133 167 261 282 310 4902 4922 echo a | wc -l 35 107 112 133 167 261 282 353 4890 4910 command echo a | wc -l 36 157 170 183 226 318 380 360 4939 4959 command date | wc -l 37 157 186 183 227 318 380 360 4958 4822 ! command date | wc -l 38 157 162 183 226 326 360 367 4951 4971 ( date ) | wc -l 39 140 171 195 200 298 318 319 4940 4941 date | read x 40 108 115 134 168 262 283 289 4891 4911 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 132 135 169 264 285 320 4924 4925 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 159 167 185 241 350 383 344 4942 4961 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 108 115 134 168 262 283 317 4891 4911 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 108 116 134 168 272 293 324 4903 4924 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 109 120 135 183 302 322 303 4904 4924 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 66 78 82 201 210 233 4850 4851 echo hi & wait 47 104 117 128 142 258 280 283 4894 4896 date & wait 48 117 137 139 178 287 307 325 4906 4908 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 188 189 237 344 377 374 4966 4969 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 125 129 143 296 318 290 4900 4901 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 196 194 238 398 431 381 4968 4969 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 133 136 153 326 346 318 4913 4914 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5486 6240 6804 8063 13481 14764 15230 254781 255027