Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4839 4838 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4902 4901 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4838 4837 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4896 4895 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4904 4903 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4904 4903 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4952 4951 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4952 4951 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4952 4951 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4964 4963 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4853 4852 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4902 4901 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4902 4901 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4904 4903 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4904 4903 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4904 4903 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4854 4853 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4905 4904 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4855 4854 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4911 4910 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4911 4910 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4973 4972 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4848 4847 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4854 4853 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4926 4925 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4918 4917 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4911 4910 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4862 4861 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4911 4910 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4928 4927 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4855 4854 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4974 4973 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4839 4973 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4925 4924 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4926 4924 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 4974 4973 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4839 4973 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4974 4973 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4944 4943 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4926 4925 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4924 4923 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4977 4976 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4926 4925 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4918 4917 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4927 4926 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4854 4853 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4903 4902 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4922 4921 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 189 237 344 377 379 4971 4970 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4901 4900 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 193 238 398 431 384 4973 4972 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4913 4912 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5569 6884 8003 13491 14711 15805 255324 255541