Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4835 4834 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4898 4897 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4834 4833 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4900 4899 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4904 4899 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4902 4899 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4948 4947 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4948 4947 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4948 4947 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4960 4959 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4850 4851 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4899 4900 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4899 4898 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4905 4904 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4900 4901 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4900 4899 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4850 4849 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4901 4900 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4854 4851 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4909 4906 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4907 4906 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4979 4976 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4846 4843 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4858 4857 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4932 4929 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4917 4916 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4907 4907 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4858 4858 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4909 4907 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4924 4926 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4854 4851 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4972 4969 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4835 4969 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4923 4920 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4923 4920 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 4972 4969 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4835 4969 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4972 4969 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4942 4939 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4922 4921 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4926 4923 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4973 4971 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4924 4921 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4924 4921 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4923 4922 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4853 4850 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4902 4905 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4918 4917 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 237 344 377 379 4967 4966 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4901 4900 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 194 238 398 431 384 4969 4968 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4913 4913 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6889 8003 13491 14711 15804 255224 255418