Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4851 4851 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4914 4913 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4850 4849 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4916 4915 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4886 4885 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4886 4885 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4964 4963 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4934 4933 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4934 4933 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4946 4945 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4866 4865 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4915 4913 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4885 4887 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4917 4915 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4886 4885 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4886 4885 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4836 4835 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4917 4916 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4868 4867 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4923 4924 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4923 4922 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 232 321 355 366 4993 4992 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4860 4861 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4874 4873 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4946 4945 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4901 4900 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4893 4893 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4844 4844 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4893 4904 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4941 4940 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4868 4867 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4956 4956 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4821 4956 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4907 4907 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4937 4937 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4986 4986 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4851 4986 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4956 4956 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4926 4926 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4939 4938 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4940 4939 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4989 4989 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4939 4938 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4939 4938 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4939 4938 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4837 4836 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4916 4914 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4935 4934 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4954 4953 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4917 4916 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4985 4984 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4930 4929 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 255415 255661