Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4833 4832 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4896 4895 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4832 4831 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4898 4897 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4930 4929 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4930 4929 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4946 4945 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4978 4977 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4978 4977 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4990 4989 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4847 4846 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4897 4895 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4929 4928 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4899 4898 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4930 4929 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4930 4929 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4880 4879 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4899 4898 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4850 4849 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4905 4904 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4905 4904 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4975 4974 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4842 4841 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4856 4855 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4928 4927 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4944 4943 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4937 4937 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4888 4888 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4937 4937 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4922 4922 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4850 4849 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 5000 4999 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4865 4999 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4951 4950 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4919 4918 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4968 4967 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4833 4967 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 5000 4999 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4970 4969 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4920 4919 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4922 4921 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4970 4969 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4920 4919 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4920 4919 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4921 4920 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4881 4880 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4898 4897 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4916 4916 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4997 4997 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4899 4898 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4967 4966 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4912 4911 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 255710 255933