Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4822 4818 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4886 4882 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4821 4818 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4887 4884 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4888 4884 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4887 4884 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4936 4932 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4935 4932 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4935 4933 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4947 4944 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4837 4835 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4885 4883 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4885 4881 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4885 4884 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4887 4884 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4887 4884 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4837 4834 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4886 4885 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4837 4836 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4892 4891 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4893 4891 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 232 321 355 366 4965 4962 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4830 4828 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4846 4842 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4918 4915 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4902 4900 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4895 4891 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4846 4843 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4895 4891 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4913 4911 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4837 4836 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4958 4954 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4821 4955 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4909 4906 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4907 4906 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 4956 4955 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4819 4955 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4958 4954 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4928 4924 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4908 4907 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4912 4909 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4959 4958 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4908 4907 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4910 4907 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4913 4910 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4838 4835 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4886 4883 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4905 4904 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4956 4953 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4888 4885 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 190 238 398 431 384 4954 4951 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4901 4898 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8005 13491 14711 15805 254496 254634