Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4818 4816 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4882 4880 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4817 4816 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4883 4882 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4884 4882 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4883 4882 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4932 4930 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4932 4930 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4931 4931 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4947 4942 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4833 4832 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4881 4880 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4881 4880 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4905 4900 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4883 4882 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4883 4882 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4833 4832 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4896 4895 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4847 4846 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4904 4901 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4902 4901 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4960 4960 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4839 4838 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4841 4840 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4913 4913 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4898 4897 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4893 4906 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4844 4847 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4891 4902 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4920 4919 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4847 4846 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4954 4953 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4817 4955 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4905 4904 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4917 4920 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4966 4969 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4829 4965 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4954 4953 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4924 4923 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4918 4917 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4908 4907 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4969 4968 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4918 4917 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4906 4905 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4906 4905 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4836 4833 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4882 4881 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4915 4914 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 192 237 344 377 379 4952 4951 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4884 4883 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 194 238 398 431 384 4952 4955 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4897 4898 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6888 8003 13491 14711 15805 254512 254766