Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4821 4818 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4883 4882 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4819 4818 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4889 4884 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4885 4884 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4885 4884 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4933 4932 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4933 4932 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4934 4933 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4945 4948 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4836 4835 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4884 4883 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4883 4881 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4907 4906 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4885 4884 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4885 4884 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4835 4834 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4908 4907 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4859 4858 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4920 4923 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4915 4917 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4963 4966 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4851 4852 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4844 4842 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4916 4915 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4900 4900 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4895 4891 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4846 4843 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4893 4891 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4932 4931 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4859 4858 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4956 4955 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4819 4955 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4907 4906 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4937 4928 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4986 4977 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4841 4977 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4956 4955 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4926 4925 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4930 4929 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4910 4909 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4980 4980 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4930 4929 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4908 4907 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4909 4908 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4836 4835 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4884 4887 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4927 4926 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 237 344 377 379 4954 4953 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4886 4885 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4954 4953 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4899 4898 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6885 8002 13491 14711 15804 254778 254993