Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4823 4822 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4886 4885 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4823 4822 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4891 4888 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4898 4894 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4891 4889 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4936 4936 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4939 4936 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4940 4937 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4951 4948 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4838 4837 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4886 4885 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4888 4885 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4889 4888 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4892 4889 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4892 4889 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4841 4839 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4895 4892 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4840 4840 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4896 4897 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4897 4897 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 232 321 355 366 4969 4966 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4833 4832 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4850 4848 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4922 4919 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4905 4902 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4898 4895 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4850 4847 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4899 4895 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4915 4928 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4840 4840 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4961 4958 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4825 4960 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4913 4910 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4911 4910 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4960 4959 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4823 4959 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4962 4959 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4931 4928 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4912 4911 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4916 4913 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4962 4961 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4912 4911 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4914 4911 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4917 4914 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4842 4839 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4888 4887 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4909 4907 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 237 344 377 379 4961 4955 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4892 4889 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 194 238 398 431 384 4960 4957 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4905 4902 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6889 8004 13491 14711 15805 254689 254867