Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4811 4810 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4875 4874 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4811 4810 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4881 4876 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4877 4876 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4877 4876 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4925 4924 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4926 4924 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4926 4925 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4937 4936 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4826 4825 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4874 4873 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4877 4875 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4878 4877 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4877 4876 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4877 4877 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4827 4826 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4880 4879 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4829 4828 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4884 4885 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4885 4885 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4955 4954 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4821 4824 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4836 4836 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4908 4907 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4892 4890 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4885 4883 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4836 4835 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4885 4898 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4902 4902 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4829 4828 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4947 4947 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4811 4947 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4900 4898 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4899 4898 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4948 4947 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4811 4947 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4948 4947 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4917 4917 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4900 4899 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4902 4901 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4950 4949 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4900 4899 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4900 4899 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4903 4902 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4828 4827 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4876 4875 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4897 4899 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4950 4945 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4878 4877 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4946 4945 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4891 4890 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6881 8003 13491 14711 15805 254011 254249