Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4861 4860 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4925 4924 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4861 4860 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4927 4926 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4927 4926 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4927 4926 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4975 4974 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4975 4974 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4976 4975 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4987 4986 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4877 4875 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4925 4923 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4924 4923 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4927 4926 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4927 4927 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4927 4927 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4877 4877 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4931 4928 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4879 4878 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4934 4937 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4935 4937 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 5005 5008 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4871 4874 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4886 4886 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4958 4957 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4944 4940 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4935 4933 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4886 4885 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4937 4933 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4952 4952 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4879 4878 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4997 4997 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4861 4997 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4949 4948 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4949 4948 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4998 4997 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4861 4997 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4998 4997 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4967 4967 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4950 4949 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4952 4951 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 5001 4999 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4950 4949 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4950 4949 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4955 4954 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4878 4877 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4926 4925 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4947 4945 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 193 237 344 377 379 5000 4993 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4928 4927 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4996 4995 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4941 4940 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6885 8002 13491 14711 15805 256611 256836