Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4856 4855 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4919 4918 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4856 4855 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4922 4921 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4922 4921 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4922 4921 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4969 4969 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4970 4968 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4970 4968 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4982 4981 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4871 4870 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4919 4918 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4919 4918 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4922 4921 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4923 4923 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4923 4924 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4873 4874 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4924 4923 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4873 4873 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4929 4928 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4930 4929 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 5008 5003 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4865 4865 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4881 4880 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4955 4954 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4938 4935 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4928 4928 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4880 4880 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4929 4928 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4948 4947 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4873 4873 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4992 4995 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4856 4991 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4944 4947 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4945 4943 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4994 5003 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4856 4996 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4996 4995 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4962 4965 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4947 4958 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4947 4946 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4998 5008 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4945 4948 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4945 4945 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4946 4945 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4872 4870 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4921 4919 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4942 4940 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 189 237 344 377 379 4990 4988 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4923 4922 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 194 239 398 431 384 4991 4990 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4936 4935 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6885 8003 13491 14711 15805 256347 256620