Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4812 4811 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4876 4875 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4812 4811 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4878 4877 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4878 4877 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4878 4878 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4926 4925 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4926 4925 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4927 4926 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4938 4937 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4828 4826 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4875 4874 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4875 4874 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4878 4877 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4879 4882 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4879 4878 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4829 4828 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4880 4879 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4830 4829 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4885 4884 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4886 4885 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4958 4955 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4822 4821 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4837 4839 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4909 4908 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4893 4893 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4895 4884 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4839 4836 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4887 4884 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4903 4903 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4830 4829 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4956 4959 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4812 4948 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4908 4899 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4900 4899 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 4949 4948 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4812 4948 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4958 4959 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4920 4929 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4903 4900 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4911 4902 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4953 4950 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4901 4900 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4901 4900 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4902 4901 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4829 4828 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4877 4876 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4898 4896 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4946 4944 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4879 4878 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4947 4946 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4896 4891 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6881 8005 13491 14711 15805 254106 254311