Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4906 4903 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4967 4966 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4903 4902 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4969 4968 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4969 4968 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4971 4968 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 5017 5016 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 5023 5016 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 5017 5016 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 5033 5028 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4918 4920 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4967 4966 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4976 4966 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4970 4969 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4971 4968 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4971 4968 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4919 4918 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4970 4969 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4920 4920 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4976 4975 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4976 4975 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 5046 5045 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4913 4912 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4927 4926 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4999 4998 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4983 4995 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4976 4976 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4927 4927 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4977 4976 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4994 4993 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4920 4920 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 5039 5038 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4904 5038 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4990 4990 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4990 4989 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 5039 5038 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4904 5038 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 369 5039 5039 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 5009 5008 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4991 4990 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4993 4992 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 5042 5041 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4991 4990 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4991 4990 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4992 4992 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4919 4919 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4968 4967 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4987 4986 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 5036 5035 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4970 4969 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 190 238 398 431 384 5038 5037 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4982 4982 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8004 13491 14711 15804 258785 259001