Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4645 4644 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4708 4707 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4645 4644 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4710 4709 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4706 4705 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4706 4705 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4758 4757 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4754 4753 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4754 4753 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4766 4765 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4659 4658 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4708 4707 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4704 4703 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4710 4709 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4706 4705 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4706 4705 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4656 4655 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4711 4710 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4661 4660 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4717 4716 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4717 4716 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4787 4786 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4654 4653 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4668 4667 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4740 4739 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4720 4719 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4713 4712 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4664 4663 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4713 4712 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4734 4733 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4661 4660 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4776 4775 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4641 4775 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4727 4726 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4731 4730 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4780 4779 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4645 4779 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4776 4775 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4746 4745 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4732 4731 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4734 4733 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4783 4781 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4732 4731 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4732 4731 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4733 4732 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4656 4655 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4709 4708 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4728 4727 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4773 4772 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4711 4710 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 193 238 398 431 384 4779 4778 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4723 4722 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6884 8003 13491 14711 15805 245208 245425