Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4641 4640 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4704 4703 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4641 4640 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4706 4705 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4702 4701 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4702 4701 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4754 4753 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4750 4749 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4750 4749 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4762 4761 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4655 4654 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4704 4703 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4700 4699 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4706 4705 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4702 4701 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4702 4701 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4652 4651 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4707 4706 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4657 4656 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4713 4712 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4713 4712 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4783 4782 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4650 4649 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4664 4663 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4736 4735 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4716 4715 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4709 4708 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4660 4659 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4709 4708 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4730 4729 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4657 4656 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4772 4771 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4637 4771 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4723 4723 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4727 4726 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4776 4775 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4641 4775 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4772 4771 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4742 4741 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4728 4727 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4730 4729 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4778 4778 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4728 4727 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4728 4727 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4729 4728 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4652 4651 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4705 4704 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4724 4723 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 189 238 344 377 379 4769 4768 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4707 4706 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4775 4774 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4719 4718 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 244999 245219