Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4648 4649 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4711 4712 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4648 4649 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4715 4714 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4713 4714 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4713 4714 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4761 4762 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4761 4762 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4761 4762 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4773 4774 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4662 4663 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4711 4712 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4711 4712 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4713 4714 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4713 4714 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4713 4714 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4663 4664 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4714 4715 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4664 4665 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4720 4721 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4722 4721 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4792 4791 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4657 4658 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4673 4672 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4745 4744 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4727 4728 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4720 4721 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4671 4672 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4720 4721 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4739 4738 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4664 4665 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4783 4784 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4648 4784 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4734 4735 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4734 4736 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4783 4784 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4648 4784 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 369 4783 4784 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4753 4754 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4737 4736 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4737 4738 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4786 4786 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4737 4736 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4737 4736 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4736 4737 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4663 4664 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4712 4713 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4731 4732 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4780 4781 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4714 4715 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4782 4783 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4726 4727 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6881 8004 13491 14711 15803 245462 245766