Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh osh ysh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4638 4672 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4701 4735 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4638 4672 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4703 4737 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4727 4761 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4727 4761 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4751 4785 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4775 4809 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4775 4809 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4787 4821 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4652 4686 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4701 4735 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4725 4759 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4703 4737 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4727 4761 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4727 4761 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4677 4711 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4704 4738 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4654 4688 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4710 4744 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4710 4744 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4780 4814 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4647 4681 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4661 4695 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4733 4767 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4741 4775 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4734 4768 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4685 4719 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4734 4768 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4727 4761 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4654 4688 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4797 4831 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4797 4696 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4748 4782 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4724 4758 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4773 4807 command date | wc -l 37 157 183 227 318 380 363 4773 4672 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4797 4831 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4767 4801 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4725 4759 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4727 4761 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4775 4810 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4725 4759 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4725 4759 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4726 4760 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4677 4711 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4702 4736 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4721 4755 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 189 237 344 377 379 4794 4828 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4704 4738 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4772 4806 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4716 4750 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 245673 247172