Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh osh ysh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4660 4694 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4723 4757 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4660 4694 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4725 4759 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4707 4741 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4707 4741 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4773 4807 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4755 4789 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4755 4789 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4767 4801 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4674 4708 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4723 4757 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4705 4739 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4725 4759 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4707 4741 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4707 4741 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4657 4691 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4726 4760 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4676 4710 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4732 4766 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4732 4766 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4802 4836 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4669 4703 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4683 4717 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4755 4789 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4721 4755 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4714 4748 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4665 4699 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4714 4748 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4749 4783 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4676 4710 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4777 4811 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4777 4676 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4728 4762 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4746 4780 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4795 4829 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4795 4694 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4777 4811 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4747 4781 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4747 4781 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4749 4783 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4798 4832 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4747 4782 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4747 4781 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4748 4782 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4657 4691 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4724 4758 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4743 4777 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4774 4808 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4726 4760 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 190 238 398 431 384 4794 4828 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4738 4772 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8003 13491 14711 15805 245978 247477