Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4634 4633 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4697 4696 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4634 4633 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4699 4698 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4699 4698 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4699 4698 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4747 4746 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4747 4746 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4747 4746 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4759 4758 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4648 4647 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4697 4696 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4697 4696 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4699 4698 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4699 4698 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4699 4698 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4649 4648 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4700 4699 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4650 4649 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4706 4705 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4706 4705 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 227 321 355 366 4776 4775 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4643 4642 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4657 4656 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4729 4728 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4713 4712 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4706 4705 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4657 4656 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4706 4705 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4723 4722 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4650 4649 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4769 4768 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4634 4768 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4720 4719 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4720 4719 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4769 4768 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4634 4768 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4769 4768 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4739 4738 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4721 4720 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4723 4722 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4771 4771 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4721 4720 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4721 4720 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4722 4721 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4649 4648 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4698 4697 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4717 4716 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 192 237 344 377 379 4766 4765 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4700 4699 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 169 190 238 398 431 384 4768 4767 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4712 4711 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5569 6884 7999 13491 14711 15805 244715 244934