Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4620 4619 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4683 4682 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4620 4619 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4685 4684 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4685 4684 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4685 4684 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4733 4732 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4733 4732 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4733 4732 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4745 4744 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4634 4633 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4683 4682 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4683 4682 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4685 4684 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4685 4684 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4685 4684 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4635 4634 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4686 4685 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4636 4635 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4692 4691 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4692 4691 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4762 4761 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4629 4628 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4643 4642 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4715 4714 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4699 4698 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4692 4691 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4643 4642 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4692 4691 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4709 4708 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4636 4635 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4755 4754 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4620 4754 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4706 4705 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4706 4705 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4755 4754 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4620 4754 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4755 4754 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4725 4724 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4707 4706 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4709 4708 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 376 4758 4757 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4707 4706 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4707 4706 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4708 4707 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4635 4634 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4684 4683 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4703 4702 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 171 189 237 344 377 379 4752 4751 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4686 4685 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4754 4753 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4698 4697 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5571 6881 8003 13491 14711 15804 243988 244206