Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4631 4631 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4694 4694 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4631 4631 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4696 4696 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4696 4696 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4696 4696 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4744 4744 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4744 4744 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4744 4744 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4756 4756 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4645 4645 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4694 4694 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4694 4694 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4696 4696 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4696 4696 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4696 4696 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4646 4646 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4697 4697 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4647 4647 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4703 4703 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4703 4703 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4773 4773 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4640 4640 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4654 4654 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4726 4726 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4710 4710 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4703 4703 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4654 4654 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4703 4703 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4720 4720 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4647 4647 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4766 4766 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4631 4766 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4717 4717 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4718 4717 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4766 4766 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4631 4766 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4766 4766 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4736 4736 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4718 4718 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4720 4720 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4769 4769 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4718 4718 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4718 4718 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4719 4719 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4646 4646 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4695 4695 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4714 4714 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 237 344 377 379 4763 4763 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4697 4697 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 194 238 398 431 384 4765 4765 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4709 4709 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6885 8006 13491 14711 15805 244561 244830