Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4630 4630 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4693 4693 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4630 4630 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4695 4695 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4695 4695 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4695 4695 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4743 4743 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4743 4743 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4743 4743 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4755 4755 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4644 4644 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4693 4693 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4693 4693 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4695 4695 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4695 4695 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4695 4695 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4645 4645 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4696 4696 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4646 4646 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4702 4702 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4702 4702 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4772 4772 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4639 4639 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4653 4653 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4725 4725 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4709 4709 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4702 4702 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4653 4653 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4702 4702 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4719 4719 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4646 4646 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4765 4765 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4630 4765 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4716 4716 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4716 4716 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 227 318 380 363 4765 4765 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4630 4765 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4765 4765 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4735 4735 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4717 4717 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4719 4719 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4768 4768 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4717 4717 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4717 4717 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4718 4718 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4645 4645 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4694 4694 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4713 4713 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 237 344 377 379 4762 4762 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4696 4696 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4764 4764 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4708 4708 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6885 8003 13491 14711 15805 244508 244778