Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4600 4600 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4663 4663 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4600 4600 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4665 4665 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4665 4667 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4665 4667 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4713 4713 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4713 4715 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4713 4715 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4725 4727 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4614 4614 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4663 4663 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4663 4665 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4667 4667 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4665 4667 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4665 4667 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4615 4615 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4668 4668 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4618 4618 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4674 4674 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4674 4674 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4742 4742 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4611 4611 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4623 4623 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4695 4695 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4679 4681 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4672 4674 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4623 4625 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4672 4672 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4691 4691 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4618 4618 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4735 4737 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4600 4737 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4686 4688 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4688 4688 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4737 4737 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4602 4737 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 369 4735 4737 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4705 4707 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4689 4689 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4689 4689 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4739 4740 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4689 4689 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4687 4687 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4688 4688 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4615 4617 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4664 4664 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4685 4685 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 170 189 237 344 377 379 4732 4732 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4666 4666 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4734 4734 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4678 4678 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8003 13491 14711 15804 242977 243282