Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4618 4618 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4681 4681 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4618 4618 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4683 4683 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4683 4683 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4683 4683 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4731 4731 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4731 4731 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4731 4731 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4743 4743 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4632 4632 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4681 4681 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4681 4681 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4683 4683 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4683 4683 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4683 4683 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4633 4633 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4684 4684 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4634 4634 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4690 4690 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4690 4690 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4760 4760 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4627 4627 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4641 4641 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4713 4713 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4697 4697 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4690 4690 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4641 4641 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4690 4690 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4707 4707 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4634 4634 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 227 318 352 363 4753 4753 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4618 4753 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4704 4704 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4704 4704 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4753 4753 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4618 4753 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4753 4753 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4723 4723 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4705 4705 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4707 4707 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4755 4756 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4705 4705 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4705 4705 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4708 4708 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4633 4633 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4682 4682 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4701 4701 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 168 189 237 344 377 379 4750 4750 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4684 4684 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4754 4754 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4696 4696 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5568 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 243887 244158