Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4588 4588 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4651 4651 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4588 4588 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4653 4653 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4653 4653 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4653 4653 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4701 4701 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4701 4701 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4701 4701 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4713 4713 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4602 4602 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4651 4651 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4651 4651 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4653 4653 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4653 4653 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4653 4653 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4603 4603 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4654 4654 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4604 4604 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4660 4660 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4660 4660 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4730 4730 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4597 4597 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4611 4611 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4683 4683 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4667 4667 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4660 4660 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4611 4611 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4660 4660 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4677 4677 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4604 4604 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4723 4723 date | wc -l 33 158 183 227 318 352 363 4588 4723 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4674 4674 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4674 4674 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4723 4723 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4588 4723 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4723 4723 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4693 4693 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4675 4675 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4677 4677 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4726 4726 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4675 4675 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4675 4675 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4676 4676 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4603 4603 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4652 4652 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4671 4671 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 238 344 377 379 4720 4720 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4654 4654 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 190 238 398 431 384 4722 4722 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4666 4666 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 242324 242594