Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4590 4590 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4653 4653 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4590 4590 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4655 4655 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4655 4655 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4655 4655 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4703 4703 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4703 4703 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4703 4703 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4715 4715 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4604 4604 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4653 4653 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4653 4653 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4655 4655 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4655 4655 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4655 4655 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4605 4605 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4656 4656 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4606 4606 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4662 4662 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4662 4662 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4732 4732 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4599 4599 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4613 4613 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4685 4685 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4669 4669 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4662 4662 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4613 4613 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4662 4662 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4679 4679 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4606 4606 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4725 4725 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4590 4725 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4676 4676 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4676 4676 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4725 4725 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 227 318 380 363 4590 4725 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 226 326 360 370 4725 4725 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4695 4695 date | read x 40 109 134 168 262 283 319 4677 4677 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4679 4679 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4727 4728 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4677 4677 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4677 4677 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4678 4678 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4605 4605 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4654 4654 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4673 4673 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 189 238 344 377 379 4722 4722 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4656 4656 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 171 190 238 398 431 384 4724 4724 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4668 4668 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5570 6881 8004 13491 14711 15805 242427 242698