Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 bash-4 zsh ysh osh Description 01 40 64 59 144 156 197 4571 4571 echo hi 02 97 122 131 231 254 277 4634 4634 date 03 42 66 59 145 157 192 4571 4571 date ; 04 98 123 132 269 292 284 4636 4636 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 98 123 132 233 256 281 4636 4636 date; echo hi 06 98 123 132 233 256 281 4636 4636 echo hi; date 07 139 166 189 292 313 345 4684 4684 date; date 08 139 166 189 292 313 346 4684 4684 { date; date; } 09 139 166 189 292 313 346 4684 4684 date; { date; } 10 149 175 198 310 331 376 4696 4698 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 72 73 174 184 230 4585 4585 (echo hi) 12 97 122 133 239 262 283 4634 4634 (date) 13 97 122 133 247 270 289 4634 4634 ( ( date ) ) 14 98 123 134 249 272 293 4636 4636 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 98 123 134 241 264 287 4636 4636 echo hi; (date) 16 98 123 134 241 264 287 4636 4636 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 73 74 175 185 234 4586 4586 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 99 124 147 242 285 291 4637 4637 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 48 73 74 176 186 234 4587 4587 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 105 128 139 234 257 280 4643 4643 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 100 125 141 242 265 286 4643 4643 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 164 187 231 321 355 366 4713 4713 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 48 70 66 154 166 204 4580 4580 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 75 81 177 187 232 4594 4594 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 116 139 174 264 285 315 4666 4666 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 105 130 146 262 284 314 4650 4650 (date; echo hi) 27 106 131 154 250 292 296 4643 4643 echo $(date) 28 55 81 93 185 194 240 4594 4594 echo $(echo hi) 29 106 131 154 279 300 302 4643 4643 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 114 140 169 282 303 331 4660 4660 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 48 73 74 176 186 234 4587 4587 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 158 183 226 318 352 363 4706 4706 date | wc -l 33 158 183 226 318 352 363 4571 4706 ! date | wc -l 34 108 133 167 261 282 313 4657 4657 echo a | wc -l 35 108 133 167 261 282 356 4657 4657 command echo a | wc -l 36 158 183 226 318 380 363 4706 4706 command date | wc -l 37 158 183 226 318 380 363 4571 4706 ! command date | wc -l 38 158 183 227 326 360 370 4706 4706 ( date ) | wc -l 39 141 195 200 298 318 322 4676 4676 date | read x 40 109 135 168 262 283 319 4658 4658 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 110 135 169 264 285 323 4660 4660 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 160 185 241 350 383 377 4709 4709 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 109 134 168 262 283 320 4658 4658 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 109 134 168 272 293 327 4658 4658 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 110 135 183 302 322 338 4659 4659 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 54 78 82 201 210 238 4586 4586 echo hi & wait 47 104 128 142 258 280 288 4635 4635 date & wait 48 117 139 178 287 307 330 4654 4654 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 167 193 237 344 377 379 4703 4703 date | wc -l & wait 50 105 129 143 296 318 293 4637 4637 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 168 190 238 398 431 384 4705 4705 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 112 136 153 326 346 323 4649 4649 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 5567 6886 8003 13491 14711 15805 241440 241712