Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh-py osh-py Description 01 47 69 66 142 165 153 4893 4894 echo hi 02 122 145 156 247 262 269 4973 4975 date 03 49 71 66 143 160 154 4893 4894 date ; 04 123 146 157 283 269 305 4897 4978 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 123 146 157 249 266 271 4976 4977 date; echo hi 06 123 146 157 249 266 271 4976 4977 echo hi; date 07 191 216 241 335 356 355 5050 5051 date; date 08 191 216 241 335 357 355 5050 5051 { date; date; } 09 191 216 241 335 357 355 5050 5051 date; { date; } 10 201 225 250 353 387 373 5080 5065 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 55 78 81 173 198 182 4893 4908 (echo hi) 12 122 145 158 255 268 277 4893 4975 (date) 13 122 145 158 263 274 285 4893 4974 ( ( date ) ) 14 123 146 159 265 278 287 4893 4977 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 123 146 159 257 272 279 4893 4977 echo hi; (date) 16 123 146 159 257 272 279 4892 4977 echo hi; (date;) 17 56 79 82 174 202 183 4893 4909 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 124 147 173 258 276 301 4893 4978 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 82 175 202 184 4893 4909 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 130 151 164 250 265 272 4984 4984 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 125 148 166 258 271 280 4893 4984 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 209 230 276 357 371 390 5075 5076 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 73 152 172 163 4902 4903 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 58 81 89 176 200 185 4893 4918 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 144 165 202 283 302 303 5014 5011 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 131 154 172 279 299 300 4893 4992 (date; echo hi) 27 131 154 179 266 281 308 4983 4984 echo $(date) 28 63 87 101 184 208 192 4916 4917 echo $(echo hi) 29 131 154 179 296 287 316 4893 4984 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 140 164 195 299 316 319 4893 5001 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 82 175 202 184 4893 4910 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 203 226 271 354 367 387 5067 5068 date | wc -l 33 203 226 271 354 367 387 4893 5068 ! date | wc -l 34 137 159 195 280 300 300 5001 5001 echo a | wc -l 35 136 159 195 280 360 300 5001 5001 command echo a | wc -l 36 203 226 271 354 367 416 5067 5068 command date | wc -l 37 203 226 271 354 367 416 4893 5069 ! command date | wc -l 38 203 226 271 362 374 395 4893 5068 ( date ) | wc -l 39 167 219 226 315 307 334 5017 5018 date | read x 40 137 160 196 281 306 301 5002 5002 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 138 161 197 283 310 303 5008 5008 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 205 228 287 387 381 419 5071 5072 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 137 160 196 281 307 301 4893 5002 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 137 160 196 291 314 311 4893 5002 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 138 161 212 322 325 341 4897 5007 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 90 200 206 210 4893 4906 echo hi & wait 47 129 151 167 274 273 297 4893 4974 date & wait 48 145 169 206 306 317 327 4893 4995 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 212 232 282 380 383 414 4893 5062 date | wc -l & wait 50 130 152 168 310 278 333 4897 4980 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 213 233 284 432 388 466 4897 5069 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 138 160 179 341 308 362 4897 4994 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 7014 8227 9452 14464 15166 15650 256965 259595