Number of Syscalls ID dash ash yash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh-py osh-py Description 01 47 69 74 66 142 162 153 4848 4849 echo hi 02 114 136 141 141 222 235 246 4929 4915 date 03 114 136 141 156 222 235 246 4929 4915 date ; 04 123 146 158 157 283 266 305 4851 4932 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 123 146 154 157 249 263 271 4941 4942 date; echo hi 06 115 137 145 157 224 239 271 4941 4927 echo hi; date 07 183 207 217 241 310 329 355 5005 4991 date; date 08 183 207 217 241 335 330 355 5015 5001 { date; date; } 09 183 207 217 241 335 330 355 5015 5001 date; { date; } 10 201 225 240 250 353 384 373 5028 5030 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 47 69 75 81 173 171 182 4848 4849 (echo hi) 12 114 136 142 158 255 241 277 4848 4915 (date) 13 114 136 143 158 263 247 285 4858 4925 ( ( date ) ) 14 123 146 156 159 265 275 287 4858 4942 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 115 137 146 159 257 245 279 4858 4927 echo hi; (date) 16 115 137 146 159 257 245 279 4858 4927 echo hi; (date;) 17 48 70 78 82 174 175 183 4858 4860 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 116 138 149 173 258 249 301 4858 4928 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 88 82 175 199 184 4858 4875 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 120 140 146 164 250 241 272 4948 4932 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 117 139 161 166 258 244 280 4858 4932 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 208 230 227 276 357 367 390 5028 5010 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 82 73 152 169 163 4867 4868 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 50 72 85 89 176 173 185 4848 4858 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 143 165 163 202 283 299 303 4963 4945 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 123 146 155 172 279 272 300 4858 4942 (date; echo hi) 27 131 154 166 179 266 278 308 4948 4949 echo $(date) 28 63 87 99 101 184 205 192 4881 4882 echo $(echo hi) 29 131 154 167 179 296 284 316 4858 4949 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 140 164 181 195 299 313 319 4858 4966 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 88 82 175 199 184 4858 4875 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 202 226 222 271 354 364 387 5031 5013 date | wc -l 33 202 226 238 272 354 365 387 4858 5032 ! date | wc -l 34 135 159 155 195 280 297 300 4964 4946 echo a | wc -l 35 136 159 155 195 280 357 300 4964 4946 command echo a | wc -l 36 202 226 231 271 354 364 416 5031 5013 command date | wc -l 37 202 226 248 272 354 364 416 4858 5032 ! command date | wc -l 38 202 226 222 271 362 371 395 4858 5013 ( date ) | wc -l 39 166 219 213 226 315 304 334 4981 4982 date | read x 40 136 160 158 196 281 276 301 4965 4947 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 138 161 177 197 283 307 303 4957 4960 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 204 228 227 287 387 348 419 5034 5016 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 136 160 158 196 281 304 301 4858 4947 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 136 160 159 196 291 311 311 4848 4937 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 137 161 163 212 322 290 341 4848 4938 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 92 90 200 201 210 4858 4872 echo hi & wait 47 129 151 159 167 274 268 297 4848 4929 date & wait 48 148 169 182 206 306 312 327 4858 4960 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 212 232 249 283 380 378 414 4858 5027 date | wc -l & wait 50 130 152 167 168 310 275 333 4848 4931 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 213 233 256 283 432 385 466 4848 5019 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 138 160 176 179 341 303 362 4848 4943 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 6937 8147 8554 9529 14468 14608 15719 254998 257162