Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh-py osh-py Description 01 47 69 66 142 165 153 4852 4853 echo hi 02 122 145 156 247 262 269 4933 4934 date 03 49 71 66 143 160 154 4852 4853 date ; 04 123 146 157 283 269 305 4857 4936 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 123 146 157 249 266 271 4935 4936 date; echo hi 06 123 146 157 249 266 271 4935 4936 echo hi; date 07 191 216 241 335 356 355 5009 5010 date; date 08 191 216 241 335 357 355 5009 5010 { date; date; } 09 191 216 241 335 357 355 5009 5010 date; { date; } 10 201 225 250 353 387 373 5023 5024 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 55 78 81 173 198 182 4852 4867 (echo hi) 12 122 145 158 255 268 277 4852 4934 (date) 13 122 145 158 263 274 285 4852 4934 ( ( date ) ) 14 123 146 159 265 278 287 4854 4936 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 123 146 159 257 272 279 4852 4936 echo hi; (date) 16 123 146 159 257 272 279 4852 4936 echo hi; (date;) 17 56 79 82 174 202 183 4852 4868 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 124 147 173 258 276 301 4854 4937 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 82 175 202 184 4854 4869 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 130 151 164 250 265 272 4945 4944 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 125 148 166 258 271 280 4854 4944 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 209 230 276 357 370 390 5039 5034 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 73 152 172 163 4863 4862 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 58 81 89 176 200 185 4854 4877 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 144 165 202 283 302 303 4972 4970 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 131 154 172 279 299 300 4852 4950 (date; echo hi) 27 131 154 179 266 281 308 4942 4943 echo $(date) 28 63 87 101 184 208 192 4875 4876 echo $(echo hi) 29 131 154 179 296 287 316 4852 4943 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 140 164 195 299 316 319 4854 4960 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 82 175 202 184 4854 4869 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 203 226 271 354 367 387 5033 5027 date | wc -l 33 203 226 272 354 367 387 4852 5027 ! date | wc -l 34 136 159 195 280 300 300 4962 4960 echo a | wc -l 35 136 159 195 280 360 300 4965 4960 command echo a | wc -l 36 203 226 271 354 367 416 5032 5027 command date | wc -l 37 203 226 271 354 367 416 4854 5027 ! command date | wc -l 38 203 226 271 362 374 395 4852 5026 ( date ) | wc -l 39 167 219 226 315 307 334 4976 4977 date | read x 40 137 160 196 281 306 301 4966 4961 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 138 161 197 283 310 303 4968 4963 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 205 228 287 387 381 419 5034 5031 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 137 160 196 281 307 301 4854 4961 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 137 160 196 291 314 311 4854 4960 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 138 161 212 322 325 341 4852 4961 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 90 200 206 210 4852 4866 echo hi & wait 47 129 151 167 274 273 297 4852 4933 date & wait 48 149 169 206 306 317 327 4854 4954 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 212 232 282 380 383 414 4852 5021 date | wc -l & wait 50 130 152 168 310 278 333 4852 4935 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 213 236 283 432 388 466 4852 5026 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 138 160 179 341 308 362 4852 4949 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 7017 8230 9452 14464 15165 15650 254864 257443