Number of Syscalls ID dash ash mksh bash-5 zsh bash-4 ysh-py osh-py Description 01 47 69 66 142 165 153 4858 4857 echo hi 02 122 145 156 247 262 269 4939 4938 date 03 49 71 66 143 160 154 4858 4857 date ; 04 123 146 157 283 269 305 4859 4940 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date 05 123 146 157 249 266 271 4941 4940 date; echo hi 06 123 146 157 249 266 271 4941 4940 echo hi; date 07 191 216 241 335 356 355 5015 5014 date; date 08 191 216 241 335 357 355 5015 5014 { date; date; } 09 191 216 241 335 357 355 5015 5014 date; { date; } 10 201 225 250 353 387 373 5029 5028 . _tmp/sourced.sh 11 55 78 81 173 198 182 4858 4871 (echo hi) 12 122 145 158 255 268 277 4858 4938 (date) 13 122 145 158 263 274 285 4858 4938 ( ( date ) ) 14 123 146 159 265 278 287 4856 4940 ( ( date ) ); echo hi 15 123 146 159 257 272 279 4858 4940 echo hi; (date) 16 123 146 159 257 272 279 4858 4940 echo hi; (date;) 17 56 79 82 174 202 183 4856 4872 echo hi; (echo hi;) 18 124 147 173 258 276 301 4856 4941 echo hi; (echo hi; date) 19 56 79 82 175 202 184 4856 4873 ( echo hi ); echo hi 20 130 151 164 250 265 272 4946 4947 date > /tmp/redir.txt 21 125 148 166 258 271 280 4856 4947 (date;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 22 209 230 277 357 370 390 5041 5037 date 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 23 55 75 73 152 172 163 4865 4866 echo hi > /tmp/redir.txt 24 58 81 89 176 200 185 4856 4881 (echo hi;) > /tmp/sentence.txt 25 144 165 202 283 302 303 4976 4972 echo hi 2> /tmp/stderr.txt | wc -l 26 131 154 172 279 299 300 4858 4954 (date; echo hi) 27 131 154 179 266 281 308 4948 4947 echo $(date) 28 63 87 101 184 208 192 4881 4880 echo $(echo hi) 29 131 154 179 296 287 316 4856 4947 echo $( ( date ) ) 30 140 164 195 299 316 319 4856 4964 echo $( ( date ); echo hi ) 31 56 79 82 175 202 184 4856 4873 ( echo hi ); echo done 32 203 226 271 354 367 387 5039 5030 date | wc -l 33 203 226 271 354 368 387 4858 5031 ! date | wc -l 34 136 160 195 280 300 300 4966 4963 echo a | wc -l 35 136 159 195 280 360 300 4965 4963 command echo a | wc -l 36 203 226 271 354 367 416 5032 5030 command date | wc -l 37 203 226 271 354 367 416 4856 5031 ! command date | wc -l 38 203 226 271 362 374 395 4858 5030 ( date ) | wc -l 39 167 219 226 315 307 334 4982 4981 date | read x 40 137 160 196 281 306 301 4967 4964 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l 41 138 161 197 283 310 303 4976 4967 { echo a; echo b; } | wc -l; echo done 42 205 228 287 387 381 419 5035 5033 { echo a; date; } | wc -l 43 137 160 196 281 307 301 4856 4964 ( echo a; echo b ) | wc -l 44 137 160 196 291 314 311 4856 4964 ( echo a; echo b ) | ( wc -l ) 45 138 161 212 322 325 341 4858 4965 { echo prefix; ( echo a; echo b ); } | ( wc -l ) 46 62 84 90 200 206 210 4858 4870 echo hi & wait 47 129 151 167 274 273 297 4858 4937 date & wait 48 145 169 206 306 317 327 4856 4958 echo hi | wc -l & wait 49 212 232 282 380 383 414 4856 5025 date | wc -l & wait 50 130 152 168 310 278 333 4858 4939 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date & wait 51 214 233 283 432 388 466 4858 5028 trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date | wc -l & wait 52 138 160 179 341 308 362 4858 4951 { trap 'echo mytrap' EXIT; date; } & wait TOTAL 7014 8228 9452 14464 15166 15650 255085 257634